Indigenous Irony in Shahnaz Bashir’s “The Ex-militants”: A Postmodern Study of the Kashmiri Context
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47067/jlcc.v4i2.93Keywords:
Shahnaz Bashir, Irony, Postmodern Irony, Indigenous Irony, Pretense Theory of Irony, KashmirAbstract
This research focuses on the study of “The Ex-militant” written by Shahnaz Bashir in the light of the pretense theory of irony with reference to asymmetry of affect, victim, tone and audience. The paper introduces irony in the light of the definitions by different pragmatists and theorists to reach its postmodern usage as given by Linda Hutcheon and finally locates it in the pretense theory as explained by Herbert Clark and Richard Gerrig. The research analyzes the short story through this perspective to demonstrate how it has asymmetric affects after pinpointing the victims and interpreting the tones of the main character. It also demonstrates show how the main victim hides true meanings until the end and discloses through deception. The research leaves room for the application of the mention theory of irony for further derivation of meanings of the narrative of Ghulam Mohiuddin
References
Bashir, S. (2016). Scattered Souls, India, Noida: HarperCollins.
Booth, W. C. (1974). A Rhetoric of Irony. University of Chicago Press, 1974.
Clark, H. H., & Gerrig, R. J. (1984). On the pretense theory of irony. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 113(1), 121–126.
Fowler, H. W. (1926). A Dictionary of Modern English Usage. Wordsworth Editions, Hertfordshire, the United Kingdom.
Grice, H. P. (1975). "Logic and Conversation". In Syntax and Semantics. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004368811_003
Harper, S. B. (1995). Ironies of indigenization: Some cultural repercussions of mission in South India. International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 19(1), 13-20.
Hutcheon, L. (2003). Irony's Edge: The Theory and Politics of Irony. Routledge.
Kaufer, D. S. (1983). Irony, interpretive form, and the theory of meaning. Poetics Today, 4(3), 451-464.
Karstetter, A. B. (1964). Toward a theory of rhetorical irony. Communications Monographs, 31(2), 162-178.
La Bossière, C. R. (1996). Irony’s Edge: The Theory and Politics of Irony by Linda Hutcheon. ESC: English Studies in Canada, 22(3), 359-361.
O’Bonsawin, C. M. (2017). Humor, Irony, and Indigenous Peoples: A Re-Reading of the Historical Record of the 1904 St. Louis Olympic Championship. Sport History Review, 48(2), 168-184.
Sperber, D., & Wilson, D. (1981). Irony and the use-mention distinction. Philosophy, 3, 143-184.
Tanaka, R. (1973). The concept of irony: Theory and practice. Journal of literary Semantics, 2(Jahresband), 43-56. https://doi.org/10.1515/jlse.1973.2.1.43
Wilson, D., & Sperber, D. (2012). Explaining irony. In D. Wilson & D. Sperber (Authors), Meaning and Relevance (pp. 123-146). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781139028370.008
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.